Healthy digestive system is crucial for both mother and the baby

Many are unaware of the connection between gut and reproductive health involved in one’s fertility process. Gut health is crucial for overall well-being, affecting digestion, immunity, and mental health. The gut microbiome, which comprises bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms in the digestive tract, influences several key bodily functions. Recent research has revealed a compelling link between gut health and pregnancy, emphasising the importance of a healthy gut environment for both the mother’s as well as the baby’s well-being.

Impact of gut health on fertility

Gut health plays a significant role in the production of estrogen, a key reproductive hormone, says Dr Parul Gupta, Nova IVF Fertility, Vasant Vihar. She says that the vaginal microbiome’s component varies with age, but in most healthy women of reproductive age, Lactobacillus species dominate. These bacteria increase estrogen concentration in the vagina, leading to thicker vaginal secretions and a favorable pH level, both of which create an optimal environment for sperm. Additionally, a higher percentage of seminal Lactobacillus is associated with better semen quality, suggesting that these bacteria may also play a beneficial role in the male genital tract.

However, an imbalanced gut microbiome can disrupt estrogen metabolism, potentially causing estrogen dominance, says Dr Gupta and adds that this imbalance can contribute to reproductive health issues such as endometriosis or polycystic ovarian syndrome in women and affect sperm production in men.

Impact on maternal health

Maintaining a balanced gut microbiome during pregnancy is vital to ensure a smoother pregnancy journey, says Dr Gupta. A healthy gut aids in proper digestion, nutrient absorption, and immune system modulation. It also helps manage inflammation, which can affect pregnancy-related conditions such as gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia.

Here’s how gut microbiome can directly impact your maternal health suggested by Dr Gupta.

Immune regulation: The gut microbiome is crucial for regulating the immune system. A balanced gut microbiota can prevent excessive immune responses that could cause complications during fertility journey, while an imbalanced gut might lead to increased inflammation and immune-related disorders.

Gestational diabetes: Research indicates that an unhealthy gut microbiome may raise the risk of gestational diabetes. Gut microbiota imbalances can affect insulin resistance and glucose metabolism, which are critical factors in the development of this condition.

Preeclampsia: Preeclampsia, characterised by high blood pressure and organ damage during pregnancy, may be linked to gut dysbiosis. The gut’s role in immune regulation and inflammation could contribute to the risk of developing preeclampsia.

Reproductive health: Your gut and reproductive tract are interconnected systems. Beneficial bacteria, such as Lactobacillus species, are present in both the gut and the vagina. An imbalanced gut microbiome can disrupt the vaginal environment, potentially impacting fertility. Indicators like frequent thrush or infections may suggest that your gut health needs attention.